Aims
We evaluated the effectiveness of a lifestyle modification (LSM) intervention in prediabetes remission among women with isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG).
Methods
We conducted a community-based, parallel-group, open-label, randomised controlled trial in Kerala, India. Women aged 30-60 years with i-IFG were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either a 12-month LSM program or standard care (diabetes information booklet). Randomization was computer-generated with allocation concealed until assignment. The primary outcome was prediabetes remission based on oral glucose tolerance testing at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included progression to type 2 diabetes and changes in glycaemic markers, anthropometric measures, body composition, and blood pressure. Analyses followed the intention-to-treat approach.
Results
Of 1092 participants randomised, 1080 (98.9 %) completed the 12-month follow-up. Prediabetes remission was significantly higher in the LSM group than in controls (45.9 % vs 6.3 %; RR 7.04, 95 % CI 5.12-10.06). LSM also produced greater improvements in fasting plasma glucose (-5.2 mg/dL), HbA1c (-0.09 %), HOMA2-IR (log) (-0.38), weight (-3.7 kg), waist circumference (-1.4 cm), fat mass (-2.9 kg), and fat-free mass (+0.86 kg). The number needed to treat for prediabetes remission was 2.8 (1.8-4.0).
Conclusion
A structured LSM intervention effectively promotes prediabetes remission in women with i-IFG and improves cardio metabolic health.